Sphynx cat breed: facts, temperament and care

About the Sphynx

The Sphynx started in Toronto in 1966, when a hairless male kitten named Prune was born to a black and white domestic cat. Hairlessness is a natural mutation. Breeders in Canada and the United States built the breed from Prune's descendants and other hairless kittens, with careful outcrossing. The CFA accepted the breed in 1998 and gave it championship in 2002. Other registries had accepted it earlier.

Few Sphynx are fully bald. Most have a layer of fine down, and short hair may show on the nose, ears, tail and paws. The skin is wrinkled around the head and shoulders and warm to touch, as the cat loses heat faster without fur. The body is muscular with a rounded belly, large ears and lemon-shaped eyes. All colours and patterns appear in the skin.

Temperament and living with one

Sphynx are outgoing, curious, energetic and people-focused. They greet visitors, seek warmth in laps and beds and often want to be involved in everything. They do poorly when ignored or left alone for long hours, and another cat can help. They are clever and playful and enjoy climbing and puzzle toys. Most get along with other pets and with children who are gentle with them.

Care: coat, food and play

Skin care replaces brushing. The skin builds up oil, which can stain furniture, and owners usually bathe the cat on a regular schedule, then dry it well. Wax collects in the ears and dirt under the nails and in folds, so clean these gently. Keep the cat indoors, out of strong sun and cold, and offer warm bedding. Some owners use clothing in winter. A complete diet in measured meals suits most, since a hairless cat burns energy to stay warm. Ask your vet about portions.

Health

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the main concern, and breeders test and scan breeding cats. Hereditary myopathy, a skin condition called urticaria pigmentosa and gum disease are also seen. Kittens can catch respiratory infections easily. Sunburn is a risk for any cat with exposed skin. Welfare bodies and vets in several countries debate whether it is acceptable to breed for an absent coat, so check local rules. Ask your vet about heart screening.

Is it right for you?

A Sphynx is a good match for someone who wants a devoted, social companion and will manage warmth, bathing and company. It is not an easy-care or low-allergy choice. For a curly-coated alternative with a sparse coat, look at the Devon Rex or the Cornish Rex.