Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a cancer of lymphocytes, white blood cells found in the lymph nodes, gut, spleen and other organs. It is the most common cancer in cats. Cats with feline leukemia virus are far more likely to develop it, particularly younger cats with chest or lymph node forms. Today the gut form is the most common one, and it affects mostly older cats with no virus.

The signs depend on the site. Gut lymphoma causes weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea and a poor appetite, much like inflammatory bowel disease. The chest form may cause fast or labored breathing. Kidney, nose and lymph node forms have their own signs, including swollen glands, a stuffy nose or increased thirst. Many signs are vague, so a cat that is losing weight or off its food for more than a few days should see a vet.

Diagnosis needs samples of the affected tissue, taken with a fine needle or biopsy, along with blood tests and imaging. Treatment is often chemotherapy, given by a vet or a specialist in cancer care. Some cats reach remission lasting months or years, depending on the type. Ask your vet or an oncology specialist about the type your cat has, what treatment involves, and what it means for quality of life.