Cat scratch disease

Cat scratch disease is caused by the bacterium Bartonella henselae. Cats pick it up mainly from the feces of infected fleas, which get into the coat and under the claws. Young cats, strays and cats with fleas are the most likely to carry it. Most carriers show no sign of illness, although in rare cases they may have fever, eye inflammation or gum disease.

People usually catch the infection when a cat scratches or bites them, or licks an open wound. A red bump or blister may form at the spot within days, followed by swollen, tender lymph nodes near the injury, tiredness and a mild fever. Most healthy people recover without trouble. Children, and people with weak immune systems, can become more seriously ill, and anyone with a worrying fever or swelling should see a doctor.

The best protection is steady flea control. Wash scratches and bites straight away with soap and water, avoid rough play that causes scratches, keep your cat's nails trimmed and do not let it lick open wounds. Healthy cats are not tested or treated routinely, and removing a cat from the home is not usually recommended. Ask your vet and your doctor about any special risk in your household.